Epidemiological, clinical and histopathological characteristics based on HLA alleles in patients with a diagnosis of psoriasis treated at the external dermatology consultation of polyclinics of the” Caja Nacional de Salud” from La Paz, Bolivia during 2018

Abstract

Objective: Describe the epidemiological, clinical and histopathological characteristics based on the HLA alleles found in patients with a diagnosis of psoriasis treated in the dermatology outpatient clinic of the polyclinics of the “Caja Nacional de Salud” of La Paz, Bolivia during the period 2018—2020.

Method and instrument: A descriptive observational case series study was carried out. The sample consisted of 35 patients with psoriasis. The characteristics found in the patients based on the HLA alleles found were described.

Results: Most of the patients were men between 40 and 60 years of age. The most common clinical presentation was vulgar psoriasis, with a greater association of HLA alleles and accompanied in 4 cases by nail involvement. In all histopathological studies the presence of hyperkeratosis and parakeratosis was described, only in 22.9% Kogoj pustules and munro microabscesses were observed. The most frequently found alleles were DR4, DR7 and DRB1 belonging to psoriasis with or without arthritis. There was only one patient with psoriatic arthritis with B39 allele, and one patient with B27 allele without arthropathy. Of the total number of patients, 6 of them had systemic arterial hypertension.

Conclusions: The highest number of DR4, DR7 and DR*B1 type alleles found was in patients with vulgar psoriasis with the largest affected body area. Only one patient with psoriatic arthritis presented the B39 allele, contrary to the literature in which psoriatic arthritis is associated with the B27 allele.