Intestinal dysbiosis and its manifestations in dermatologic diseases: Systematic review

Abstract

A dysfunction of the intestinal microbiota has been postulated in skin disorders such as psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, acne, vitiligo, rosacea, autoimmune diseases, among others. During this study, a review was conducted of articles published between January 2019 and October 2024 that identified and analyzed the dermatopathies in patients with dysbiosis, the most analyzed being atopic dermatitis and psoriasis. Studies on psoriasis in which probiotics or prebiotics were added to conventional treatment demonstrated improvement in the Psoriasis Severity Index (PASI) and Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), as well as reduction in IL-6 levels, and were also associated with lower rate of flares (20% vs placebo of 41.9%). Regarding atopic dermatitis, a decrease in the Scoring Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) was also evident after the introduction of prebiotics. Fecal transplants in different pathologies showed significant changes in the intestinal microbiota, which could influence clinical improvement. None of the studies reported serious adverse effects related to the interventions.